1 00:00:00,867 --> 00:00:05,305 [Clapping and cheering] 2 00:00:07,173 --> 00:00:06,740 Test. 3 00:00:07,173 --> 00:00:13,079 [Children laughing] 4 00:00:13,713 --> 00:00:14,147 Hello. 5 00:00:14,147 --> 00:00:15,715 My name is Tom Marshburn 6 00:00:15,715 --> 00:00:18,852 and I'm an astronaut living and working aboard the International Space Station. 7 00:00:19,386 --> 00:00:22,522 This is a spacecraft about the size of a five bedroom house 8 00:00:22,522 --> 00:00:26,192 orbiting 250 miles high, traveling 17,500 miles 9 00:00:26,326 --> 00:00:30,063 per hour around the earth so fast that we circle the earth every 90 minutes. 10 00:00:30,430 --> 00:00:32,265 Still, we're close enough to be seen from Earth 11 00:00:32,265 --> 00:00:34,567 and we look like a bright star moving across the sky. 12 00:00:34,968 --> 00:00:37,037 We get to see spectacular views of the Earth. 13 00:00:37,037 --> 00:00:40,106 We also love the gaze, the beauty of the moon and our universe. 14 00:00:40,607 --> 00:00:43,710 But NASA's getting ready for this one the first test of our new space 15 00:00:43,710 --> 00:00:45,011 launch system 16 00:00:45,011 --> 00:00:48,648 and the Orion spacecraft that will travel thousands of miles beyond the moon. 17 00:00:49,182 --> 00:00:51,484 This mission is helping us get ready to put the first woman 18 00:00:51,484 --> 00:00:53,853 and the first person of color on the moon surface 19 00:00:54,120 --> 00:00:56,623 as we build the knowledge we need to go even further. 20 00:00:57,323 --> 00:01:00,727 I'm excited today to read a book that has inspired kids on Earth about our moon 21 00:01:00,727 --> 00:01:04,264 and encouraged them to explore the world around them for 75 years. 22 00:01:08,201 --> 00:01:10,503 Goodnight Moon by Margaret Wise Brown. 23 00:01:11,504 --> 00:01:14,674 Pictures by Clement Hurd. 24 00:01:14,674 --> 00:01:17,610 In the great green room There was a telephone and a red balloon 25 00:01:18,144 --> 00:01:20,447 And a red balloon And a picture of - 26 00:01:24,250 --> 00:01:26,152 The cow jumping over the moon 27 00:01:26,152 --> 00:01:29,322 And there were three little bears sitting on chairs 28 00:01:31,958 --> 00:01:34,094 And two little kittens And a pair of mittens 29 00:01:34,761 --> 00:01:37,564 And a little toyhouse And a young mouse 30 00:01:41,601 --> 00:01:44,003 And a comb and a brush and a bowl full of mush 31 00:01:44,003 --> 00:01:46,806 And a quiet old lady who was whispering "hush" 32 00:01:51,444 --> 00:01:53,213 Goodnight room 33 00:01:57,584 --> 00:01:59,385 Goodnight moon 34 00:01:59,519 --> 00:02:01,521 Goodnight cow jumping over the moon 35 00:02:04,958 --> 00:02:06,593 Goodnight light And the red balloon 36 00:02:06,593 --> 00:02:07,694 Goodnight bears 37 00:02:07,694 --> 00:02:10,263 Goodnight chairs 38 00:02:12,899 --> 00:02:15,101 Goodnight kittens And goodnight mittens 39 00:02:16,503 --> 00:02:19,072 Goodnight clocks And goodnight socks 40 00:02:23,176 --> 00:02:24,744 Goodnight little house 41 00:02:24,744 --> 00:02:26,980 And goodnight mouse 42 00:02:29,983 --> 00:02:30,917 Goodnight comb 43 00:02:30,917 --> 00:02:33,419 And goodnight brush 44 00:02:37,457 --> 00:02:39,626 Goodnight nobody 45 00:02:39,626 --> 00:02:41,561 Goodnight Mush 46 00:02:44,597 --> 00:02:47,333 And goodnight to the little old lady whispering hush 47 00:02:52,772 --> 00:02:53,907 Goodnight Stars 48 00:02:53,907 --> 00:02:55,408 Goodnight Air 49 00:02:59,112 --> 00:03:01,181 Goodnight noises everywhere 50 00:03:04,651 --> 00:03:10,356 [Clapping and cheering] 51 00:03:13,159 --> 00:03:16,729 Several questions were submitted by students about our experiences here 52 00:03:16,763 --> 00:03:18,932 on the space station, which we're happy to answer now. 53 00:03:18,932 --> 00:03:21,100 I'm Tom Marshburn. Mark Vande Hei. 54 00:03:21,901 --> 00:03:23,269 Both astronauts. 55 00:03:23,269 --> 00:03:24,904 And the first question is by Nathalie G. 56 00:03:24,904 --> 00:03:26,706 from Pennsylvania. 57 00:03:26,773 --> 00:03:30,410 What do you do to pass the time when you aren't working on the ISS? 58 00:03:31,377 --> 00:03:32,412 Great question. 59 00:03:32,412 --> 00:03:34,013 I like to look out the windows. 60 00:03:34,013 --> 00:03:35,682 The views are incredible. 61 00:03:35,682 --> 00:03:37,217 I really like to read a lot. 62 00:03:37,217 --> 00:03:40,920 And one of my favorite things is to talk to my family back on the earth. 63 00:03:40,954 --> 00:03:42,889 We are very well supported with 64 00:03:42,889 --> 00:03:45,091 the ability to make phone calls from up here. 65 00:03:45,091 --> 00:03:46,125 Tom this is a good one. 66 00:03:46,125 --> 00:03:48,361 This one is from Thea W. 67 00:03:48,361 --> 00:03:53,266 from Kansas who asks, when will we go to the moon again? 68 00:03:53,466 --> 00:03:54,367 Great question. 69 00:03:54,367 --> 00:03:56,402 There's the space launch system. 70 00:03:56,402 --> 00:03:58,605 We're going to be testing it out and soon we'll be launching 71 00:03:58,605 --> 00:04:00,840 that in the Orion spacecraft deep into space. 72 00:04:01,274 --> 00:04:04,644 We hope to go to the moon and bring the first crew soon 73 00:04:04,644 --> 00:04:07,380 in the next few years to the moon and even land on the moon. 74 00:04:07,680 --> 00:04:09,182 Here in the next decade. 75 00:04:09,182 --> 00:04:09,849 Ashlyn B. 76 00:04:09,849 --> 00:04:13,152 from Michigan asks, Can you see color in space? 77 00:04:13,152 --> 00:04:15,555 How would it look if you drew on a piece of paper 78 00:04:15,989 --> 00:04:18,324 would the colors look the same as on Earth? 79 00:04:19,859 --> 00:04:20,627 Yes, absolutely. 80 00:04:20,627 --> 00:04:22,328 We can see colors in space 81 00:04:22,328 --> 00:04:26,466 as our eyes work just the same as, of course, we're in air up here. 82 00:04:26,766 --> 00:04:29,769 And when I look out the window, I'm looking from an air environment 83 00:04:30,003 --> 00:04:31,638 out the window into space. 84 00:04:31,638 --> 00:04:36,109 But it's very much like when you look up into space and see stars, of course, 85 00:04:36,342 --> 00:04:39,979 you can see mildly different colors because a lot of brightness. 86 00:04:40,747 --> 00:04:43,182 But as you can see around us, we've got lots of different colors. 87 00:04:43,449 --> 00:04:46,386 Tom and I are dressed in kind of drab colors, 88 00:04:46,386 --> 00:04:50,390 both of us are wearing gray, but we've got lots of flags behind us. 89 00:04:50,390 --> 00:04:54,027 You can see colors in there. 90 00:04:54,027 --> 00:04:56,329 And when we look out the window, like I mentioned earlier, 91 00:04:56,529 --> 00:05:00,633 we can see the colors of the ocean and the deserts and all the shades 92 00:05:00,633 --> 00:05:04,904 of different browns and and the full moon 93 00:05:04,904 --> 00:05:08,441 shining on the terrain is beautiful. 94 00:05:08,441 --> 00:05:12,478 And then with city lights at night and the orange of those lights, 95 00:05:12,812 --> 00:05:16,349 so many different colors are a joy for us to see up here. 96 00:05:16,382 --> 00:05:19,118 So I'm very, very happy that we can see colors in space. 97 00:05:19,652 --> 00:05:21,321 OK, another good question, Tom. 98 00:05:21,321 --> 00:05:23,389 Chloe O. from Texas. 99 00:05:23,389 --> 00:05:27,760 Where Tom and I both live asks what was the biggest challenge 100 00:05:27,760 --> 00:05:31,798 you faced in space so far and how did you overcome it? 101 00:05:32,465 --> 00:05:35,335 Waiting for your flight is challenging. 102 00:05:35,802 --> 00:05:37,837 We do do a lot of work to get here. 103 00:05:37,837 --> 00:05:39,972 One of the things we have to do is learn another language. 104 00:05:39,972 --> 00:05:42,542 Probably learning Russian was one of the biggest challenges I had 105 00:05:43,943 --> 00:05:45,278 as a requirement to get here. 106 00:05:45,278 --> 00:05:47,180 To the space station. 107 00:05:47,180 --> 00:05:49,349 But the other challenge is there's so much to do, 108 00:05:49,682 --> 00:05:52,018 so much to see up here it's quite distracting. 109 00:05:52,285 --> 00:05:54,687 And so getting any one thing done can be a challenge. 110 00:05:55,355 --> 00:05:57,690 All right, Mark Rocco M. 111 00:05:57,690 --> 00:06:00,193 from Iowa is asking, if you didn't become an astronaut, 112 00:06:00,293 --> 00:06:02,395 what would you have wanted to be? 113 00:06:02,395 --> 00:06:05,798 Part of me wants to join the circus, but I'm kind of joking. 114 00:06:06,232 --> 00:06:08,468 But that's not going to happen. 115 00:06:08,501 --> 00:06:12,271 I, I would have loved to have been a teacher. 116 00:06:13,306 --> 00:06:15,241 That was a potential career for me. 117 00:06:15,241 --> 00:06:18,010 I also was very interested in using my physics background 118 00:06:18,511 --> 00:06:22,548 to get involved in the production of alternate forms of energy, 119 00:06:22,548 --> 00:06:23,916 because we're going to need energy, 120 00:06:23,916 --> 00:06:26,018 and we've got to find a renewable way to get that. 121 00:06:26,319 --> 00:06:29,088 That's inexpensive enough for people to want to use it. 122 00:06:29,756 --> 00:06:31,924 So those are very appealing things to me. 123 00:06:32,492 --> 00:06:35,161 Also, I especially even after flying, 124 00:06:35,161 --> 00:06:38,564 I'm very I have a lot of concern about our environment. 125 00:06:38,564 --> 00:06:42,368 So any job that's associated with helping us live more sustainably 126 00:06:42,368 --> 00:06:42,902 in the future 127 00:06:42,902 --> 00:06:46,839 is is something I was interested in and I might be even more motivated about it 128 00:06:46,839 --> 00:06:49,776 now that I've been able to look back on our beautiful planet from space. 129 00:06:50,343 --> 00:06:51,511 Caleb W. 130 00:06:51,511 --> 00:06:56,082 from Maryland asks What do stars look like in outer space? 131 00:06:56,783 --> 00:06:59,018 Stars look a bit like they do on Earth. 132 00:06:59,018 --> 00:07:02,855 If you went out into a field away from a big city on a cold winter night 133 00:07:03,122 --> 00:07:07,860 with no clouds, just bright and brilliant, you could see so many stars 134 00:07:09,195 --> 00:07:12,131 and almost countless stars there. 135 00:07:12,165 --> 00:07:14,700 However, in space, when we see them, they don't twinkle. 136 00:07:15,101 --> 00:07:17,236 There's no atmosphere for the starlight to go through. 137 00:07:17,737 --> 00:07:21,541 So they're just direct, steady points of light and quite fascinating 138 00:07:21,541 --> 00:07:23,342 and absolutely beautiful. 139 00:07:23,342 --> 00:07:27,980 So Mark, Grayson B from Missouri asks, What is it like to float in space. 140 00:07:28,648 --> 00:07:31,484 If I'm not touching any surfaces or like Tom is right now, 141 00:07:31,784 --> 00:07:36,389 not touching any surfaces then it's kind of like being in a pool where for us 142 00:07:36,389 --> 00:07:40,893 right now, the only thing that's touching us is our clothes and our... 143 00:07:41,561 --> 00:07:42,495 and the air. 144 00:07:42,495 --> 00:07:44,297 If you're in a pool, the only thing that's touching you 145 00:07:44,297 --> 00:07:46,265 is the water and you're swimming suit. 146 00:07:46,265 --> 00:07:49,001 So that's the closest analogy I can make. 147 00:07:49,001 --> 00:07:51,204 What I would say the best part about it 148 00:07:51,204 --> 00:07:54,307 here, though, is the complete freedom of motion. 149 00:07:54,540 --> 00:07:57,810 We have a lot of fun doing flips like Tom and I are doing right now. 150 00:08:02,181 --> 00:08:04,684 And actually Tom doesn't know I'm going to ask him to do this yet. 151 00:08:05,017 --> 00:08:07,253 And who knows if they'll actually leave this in the video, 152 00:08:07,253 --> 00:08:09,755 but you want to try doing that super fast spin? OK. 153 00:08:24,670 --> 00:08:26,506 So, that does make us very dizzy. 154 00:08:26,506 --> 00:08:28,374 When you're spinning like that. 155 00:08:28,374 --> 00:08:30,009 The person that's being spun 156 00:08:30,009 --> 00:08:32,311 can't tell what's going on because things are going by so fast. 157 00:08:32,311 --> 00:08:35,114 They have to be very trusting because you have no control over 158 00:08:35,181 --> 00:08:36,215 where you're going to end up 159 00:08:36,215 --> 00:08:39,051 and then you actually don't get dizzy until the person gets stopped. 160 00:08:39,051 --> 00:08:40,753 And then all of a sudden everything else keeps spinning 161 00:08:40,753 --> 00:08:42,989 even though you've stopped moving your body.